The 'Serological Survey' is basically a 'blood test' to detect the presence of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It is not possible to test everyone in the population so it's usually done in a population group to assess the prevalence of the disease.
The test is performed to diagnose infections and autoimmune illnesses. The survey includes the IgG Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test to estimates the proportion of the population exposed to covid infection. It can also be conducted to check if a person has developed immunity to certain diseases.
The IgG test is not useful for detecting acute infections, but it indicates episodes of infections that may have occurred in the past. The test has been approved by ICMR for its high sensitivity and specificity.
The study found the presence of antibodies in the people indicated that a large number of infected persons remain asymptomatic. It also helps to know that at which groups are more exposed or have had higher rates of infection.
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